Wednesday, November 17, 2010

What factors led to Germany's loss in WW1?

It can be further debated how, why and if Germany really did lose the war, but according to the political, economic and military factors studied, it is fair proof of Germany's poor decision making which led to their final defeat. Germany's ineffective aim for victory in the war was due to their lack of structure and organization, which hence instantly increased the probability of their chance of failure.

Germany's main interest was attacking the opposing country head-on, they wanted to attack with all means necessary and as fast as they could. The first mistaken plan which was taken into action was the von Schleiffen Plan, which meant that Germany would pass through Belgium, a neutral country, in order to make their way to France and attack by surprise. The Germans however did not think of the possible consequences, such as the fact of news spreading of the invasion of Belgium which would eventually reach France, and Germany did not consider that Belgium may have been treated as an alliance which would have made them an easier path way into attacking France. Without having alternative act for failed plans as such, Germany proceeded with the von Schleiffen plan and disturbed a country which was not involved in the war. In a successful attempt to humiliate Germany, Britain exploited Germany's fault and portrayed the Germans as a monstrous, vile society. This was made into a campaign known as “Poor Little Belgium” which lessened the image of the Germans and caused more British troops to join the war. Britain was able to create a witty campaign which benefited their country, whereas Germany used falsified information as their propaganda, claiming that the British acted cowardly, which led German soldiers to believe that Britain had a weak colonized army and so the soldiers entered the war unprepared and staggered when facing the enemy. This is a psychological opposition of both countries, showing Britain being a step ahead of Germany, who are unprepared.

After losing the possible ally of Belgium, Germany should have considered the U.S on neutral terms with each other so that no more countries may enter the war and turn against Germany. American nationalism rooted from Germany's two grand mistakes with the U.S. Britain was allied with the United States, and when Germany sunk the Lusitania (Germany attacked any British and French ships) which was a British ship which belonged to Queen Elizabeth 1, Britain enrolled more American soldiers to increase their chances of success. However, the U.S. Entered the war two years after said event, and used the Lusitania as reasoning. Germany was aware of the fact the Lusitania was disguised, it was a passenger ship but contained arms and weapons which were exported to Britain to support the military; Germany was angered by any countries which aided Britain or France. The second error which angered the United States was the Zimmerman telegram. In 1917, the time of Mexico's civil war when Mexico itself had no structured form of government, Germany sent a telegram to Mexico in hope for an alliance. Germany sought Mexico's support in the war, and as re compensation, Germany would retrieve the land that the U.S took from Mexico and give it back to the original country. Another reason why Germany asked for Mexico's reinforcement is because they would be financially supported by another country, and Germany's economy was low. In Germany's desperation for support, the “adherence” with Japan was also mentioned, showing that Germany needed endorsements. Mexico was unable to provide Germany with any of the requests as the country was undergoing political disputes, nevertheless the telegram angered the Americans, causing them to side with Britain and finally enter the war. In Germany's venture to increase their alliances beyond the span of Austria-Hungary and Serbia, they were unsuccessful and merely brought on more enemies such as the U.S leading to Germany's loss of faith.

In an effort to support their country, Germany was becoming increasingly unstable and so was it's nation. In 1917 the “Turnip Winter” arose – this was the rise in communism. Germany had no coast line and was unable to import resources to support her country which led to the starvation of society, which is when society began to question their government. When German soldiers were not being supplied with weapons, and were informed of the corruption of their society they were no longer willing to fight for their country. Germany's main allies, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman empire were untrustworthy as both countries were facing similar dilemmas and were unable to support each other. Britain, on the other hand, enforced the Defense of the Real Act which ensure that their country would be provided with necessities such as food and other resources, and the soldiers would be provided with adequate weaponry which encouraged them to maintain their contributions and fight in the war. Britain was organized and sustained a mature structure for their country. While Germany was struggling to obtain foreign backers, France, Britain and the U.S were able to elect a leader, Foch, in a sensible manner which would conduct the army's structure without any fall-outs and disagreements which would lead to disputes. The foreign alliances had increased their power and imposed a greater threat toward Germany, effectively reducing chances of German victory.

The majority of European countries where marked by signs of WW1's intrusion, but no country faced a defeat such as Germany (and her allies). Although Germany was able to succeed in a number of battles, they were never guaranteed success in the war. Due to Germany's disorganization concerning their political and economic structure, their military eventually fell through when society formed their “cultural revolution” and supported communism. Despite Germany's flaws, their rivals had a higher chance of thriving in victory because they were supportive of each other and proved themselves of being well organized in all factors that Germany was not. Had the Germans constructed back-up motives and had regulated and made their tactics efficient, it is probable that the out coming underachiever of the war would have been different.

1 comment:

  1. Task: Restructure your thesis to make it truly original and argumentative. Make sure you keep the causality discussion, but rewrite the thesis in a way that reflects your solid opinion about this.

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